Schemes appear in current-affairs sections because new ones keep launching and old ones keep being extended or merged. The way to avoid confusion is to learn every scheme with the same four details: year of launch, ministry, who it is for and what benefit it gives.
Banking exams add a fifth detail: how the scheme is implemented through banks, for example the role of Jan Dhan accounts in direct benefit transfer.
Concepts to know
PM Jan Dhan Yojana (2014)
Financial inclusion mission providing bank accounts, RuPay cards and insurance.
Swachh Bharat Mission (2014)
Launched on 2 October 2014 to improve sanitation and eliminate open defecation.
Digital India (2015)
Programme to improve online infrastructure and deliver government services digitally.
Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY (2018)
Health assurance scheme with cashless hospitalisation cover for eligible families.
Direct Benefit Transfer
Moves subsidies and benefits straight to beneficiaries' bank accounts to reduce leakages.
Centrally sponsored vs central sector
Centrally sponsored schemes are shared with states; central sector schemes are funded entirely by the Union.
How questions are framed
Sample 1: Digital India was launched in:
2014
2015
2016
2017
Answer: B. 2015
The programme was launched on 1 July 2015.
Sample 2: PM Jan Dhan Yojana mainly aims at:
Crop insurance
Financial inclusion
Housing
Skill training
Answer: B. Financial inclusion
It targets universal access to bank accounts and basic financial services.
Sample 3: A scheme funded entirely by the Union Government is called:
Centrally sponsored
Central sector
State scheme
Local body scheme
Answer: B. Central sector
Central sector schemes are 100% Union-funded; centrally sponsored ones share costs with states.
How to study this topic
Create one row per scheme in a table: year, ministry, target group, benefit.
Add a new row only when a scheme appears in a reliable news source or an exam paper.
Review the table every week and quiz yourself from the daily quiz.